美国混凝土协会(ACI)概述及标准体系
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美国混凝土协会(ACI)概述及标准体系
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美国混凝土协会(American Concrete Institute,简称ACI)成立于1904年,前身为美国水泥用户协会,总部位于密歇根州法明顿希尔斯。ACI是一个非盈利性的技术研究团体和标准制定组织,是世界混凝土技术方面的权威机构。该协会致力于为参与混凝土设计、施工和材料的个人和组织提供专业咨询服务,以实现混凝土在建筑领域的最佳使用。目前,ACI在全球拥有100多个分会、200个学生分会以及来自120个国家或地区的30,000名会员。
ACI的宗旨是加强工程技术教育和科学调查研究,以及制定混凝土及相关材料的设计和施工标准。为了促进混凝土技术、工艺、设计、施工的提升,学会不断改进优化有关混凝土及相关材料的设计、施工、制造、使用以及维护和修复,并组织其成员开展相关的非营利性公共服务,以造福社会。
ACI为承包商梳理了关于混凝土相关的100多个主题,并提供认证、在线教学、期刊、论文、公开出版物及特定项目专属服务。
ACI发布的混凝土技术文件分为标准和非标准两种形式:
ACI的标准
ACI的标准是强制性的,包括设计和施工两类:
- 设计标准:适用于设计人员,涉及规范要求、规范案例、验收标准、设计技术要求。
- 施工标准:适用于施工人员,涉及施工技术要求和材料技术要求。
非标准的文件
非标准的文件包括导则、报告和技术说明:
- 指南:非强制性,提出对混凝土材料或结构的分析、设计、规定、选择、评定、试验、施工或修补活动的建议。
- 报告:提供委员会专业领域内有关混凝土技术的信息。
- 技术说明:针对特定问题提供指导。
ACI制定了近700个有关混凝土的技术文件、手册、说明书、报告、指南、勘误、论文、技术要求和规范。其标准的分类是以制订委员会的代号为分类号的,代号分配情况如下:
- ACI 100 — 一般规定
- ACI 200 — 混凝土材料与性能
- ACI 300 — 设计施工规程
- ACI 400 — 混凝土结构分析
- ACI 500 — 特殊应用与修复
以下是部分具体标准的列表:
ACI 100 — 一般规定
标准号 | 发布日期 | 英文名称 |
---|---|---|
ACI 104 | 1971.01.01(R 1997) | Preparation of Notation for Concrete |
ACI 117 | 2010.06.01 | Specification for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials (ACI 117-10) and Commentary |
ACI 121.1R-16 | 2017.01 | Guide to Quality Management Auditing in the Concrete Industry |
ACI 121R | 2008.07.01 | Guide for Concrete Construction Quality Systems in Conformance with ISO 9001 |
ACI 122R | 2014.12 | Guide to Thermal Properties of Concrete and Masonry Systems |
ACI 130R-19 | 2019.01 | Report on the Role of Materials in Sustainable Concrete Construction |
ACI 131.1R-14 | 2014 | Information Delivery Manual (IDM) for Cast-in-Place Concrete |
ACI 131.2R-17 | 2017 | Guide to Use of Industry Foundation Classes in Exchange of Reinforcement Models |
ACI 132R-14 | 2014 | Guide for Responsibility in Concrete Construction |
ACI 200 — 混凝土材料与性能
标准号 | 发布日期 | 英文名称 |
---|---|---|
ACI 201.1R | 2008.07.01 | Guide for Conducting a Visual Inspection of Concrete in Service |
ACI 201.2R | 2016 | Guide to Durable Concrete |
ACI 201.3T | 2019 | Joint Deterioration and Chloride-Based Deicing Chemicals |
ACI 207.1R | 2005.01.01(R 2012) | Guide to Mass Concrete |
ACI 207.2R | 2007.09.01 | Report on Thermal and Volume Change Effects on Cracking of Mass Concrete |
ACI 207.3R | 2018 | Practices for Evaluation of Concrete in Existing Massive Structures for Service Conditions |
ACI 207.4R | 2005.01.01(R 2012) | Cooling and Insulating Systems for Mass Concrete |
ACI 207.5R | 2011.07.01 | Report on Roller-Compacted Mass Concrete |
ACI 207.6R | 2017 | Report on the Erosion of Concrete in Hydraulic Structures |
ACI 209.1R | 2005.01.01 | Report on Factors Affecting Shrinkage and Creep of Hardened Concrete |
ACI 209.2R | 2008.05.01 | Guide for Modeling and Calculating Shrinkage and Creep in Hardened Concrete |
ACI 209R | 1992.01.01(R 2008) | Prediction of Creep, Shrinkage, and Temperature Effects in Concrete Structures |
ACI 210R | 1993.01.01(R 2008) | Erosion of Concrete in Hydraulic Structures |
ACI 211.1 | 1991.01.01(R 2009) | Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete |
ACI 211.2 | 1998.01.01(R 2004) | Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Structural Lightweight Concrete |
ACI 211.3R | 2002.01.01(R 2009) | Guide for Selecting Proportions for No-Slump Concrete |
ACI 211.4R | 2008.12.01 | Guide for Selecting Proportions for High-Strength Concrete Using Portland Cement and Other Cementitious Materials |
ACI 211.5R | 2001.01.01(R 2009) | Guide for Submittal of Concrete Proportions |
ACI 211.6T | 2014 | Aggregate Suspension Mixture Proportioning Method |
ACI 211.7R | 2015 | Guide for Proportioning Concrete Mixtures with Ground Limestone and Other Mineral Fillers |
ACI 211.8R | 2015 | Guide to Troubleshooting Concrete Mixture Issues as Influenced by Constitutive Materials, Jobsite Conditions, or Testing Practices |
ACI 211.9R | 2018 | Guide to Selecting Proportions for Pumpable Concrete |
ACI 212.3R | 2016 | Report on Chemical Admixtures for Concrete |
ACI 212.4R | 2004.01.01 | Guide for the Use of High-Range Water-Reducing Admixtures (Superplasticizers) in Concrete |
ACI 213R | 2014 | Guide for Structural Lightweight-Aggregate Concrete |
ACI 214.4R | 2010.06.01 | Guide for Obtaining Cores and Interpreting Compressive Strength Results |
ACI 214R | 2011.04.01 | Guide to Evaluation of Strength Test Results of Concrete |
ACI 215R | 1992.01.01(R 1997) | Considerations for Design of Concrete Structures Subjected to Fatigue Loading |
ACI 216.1 | 2014 | Code Requirements for Determining Fire Resistance of Concrete and Masonry Construction Assemblies |
ACI 221.1R | 1998.01.01(R 2008) | Report on Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity |
ACI 221R | 1996.01.01(R 2001) | Guide for Use of Normal Weight and Heavyweight Aggregates in Concrete |
ACI 222.2R | 2014 | Corrosion of Prestressing Steels |
ACI 222.3R | 2011.04.01 | Guide to Design and Construction Practices to Mitigate Corrosion of Reinforcement in Concrete Structures |
ACI 222R | 2019 | Protection of Metals in Concrete Against Corrosion |
ACI 223R | 2010.12.01 | Guide for the Use of Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete |
ACI 224.1R | 2007.03.01 | Causes, Evaluation, and Repair of Cracks in Concrete Structures |
ACI 224.2R | 1992.01.01(R 2004) | Cracking of Concrete Members in Direct Tension |
ACI 224.3R | 1995.01.01(R 2008) | Joints in Concrete Construction |
ACI 224R | 2001.01.01 | Control of Cracking in Concrete Structures |
ACI 225R | 2019 | Guide to the Selection and Use of Hydraulic Cements |
ACI 228.1R | 2019 | In-Place Methods to Estimate Concrete Strength |
ACI 228.2R | 2013.06.01 | Report on Nondestructive Test Methods for Evaluation of Concrete in Structures |
ACI 229R | 2013.06.01 | Report on Controlled Low-Strength Materials |
ACI 230.1R | 2009.07.01 | Report on Soil Cement |
ACI 231R | 2010.01.01 | Report on Early-Age Cracking: Causes, Measurement, and Mitigation |
ACI 232.1R | 2012.07.01 | Report on the Use of Raw or Processed Natural Pozzolans in Concrete |
ACI 232.2R | 2018 | Report on the Use of Fly Ash in Concrete |
ACI 232.3R | 2014 | Report on High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete for Structural Applications |
ACI 233R | 2003.01.01(R 2011) | Slag Cement in Concrete and Mortar |
ACI 234R | 2006.01.01 | Guide for the Use of Silica Fume in Concrete |
ACI 237R | 2007.04.01 | Self-Consolidating Concrete |
ACI 238.1R | 2008.02.01 | Report on Measurements of Workability and Rheology of Fresh Concrete |
ACI 238.2T | 2014 | Concrete Thixotropy |
ACI 239R-18 | 2018 | Ultra-High-Performance Concrete: An Emerging Technology Report |
ACI 241R-17 | 2017 | Report on the Application of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in Concrete |
由于篇幅原因,这里只显示了ACI 100 — 一般规定、ACI 200 — 混凝土材料与性能清单。如需获取ACI出版物的完整清单,可关注“中外标准咨询公众号”领取。
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