过渡词:连接句子、建立脉络的关键
过渡词:连接句子、建立脉络的关键
过渡词(transition words),又称为“转折词”,有转折承接的作用。在作文中善用过渡词可以让你的文章脉络更清楚,阅读起来更有条理。过渡词依照其功能主要可以分为四类:
Additive transitions
用于添加额外信息或提供解释。例如,“此外”、“另外”、“同样重要的是”等词语能够将相关的附加信息补充到主要内容中,让文章内容更加丰富。以下提供一些范例:
Moreover(而且,再者,此外)
例句:The whole report is badly written. Moreover, it’s inaccurate.(整个报告都写得很差,而且内容不实。)In addition to(除……之外还)
例句:In addition to his apartment in Manhattan, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland.(除了在曼哈顿拥有一套公寓外,他在意大利还有一座乡间别墅,在苏格兰有一座城堡。)Particularly(特别,尤其,异乎寻常地)
例句:We’re particularly interested to hear from people who speak two or more European languages.(我们特别希望能收到说两种或以上欧洲语言的人的来信。)Notably(明显地,显然,值得注意地)
例句:The newspapers are notably biased.(报纸显然有所偏袒。)Specifically(特意,专门地)
例句:These jeans are designed specifically for women.(这些牛仔裤是专为女性设计的。)Similarly (同样地,相似地)
例句:Cars must stop at red traffic lights, similarly, bicycles have to stop too.(汽车遇到红灯时必须停下来,同样,自行车也应该停下来。)
Adversative transitions
用于引入相反或对立的观点,从而增强文章的论点和论据的效果。例如,“然而”、“但是”、“尽管如此”等词语有助于表达冲突、对比或限制的关系。以下提供一些范例:
Nonetheless(然而,但是,尽管)
例句:There are serious problems in our country. Nonetheless, we feel this is a good time to return.(我们国家存在严重问题。但尽管如此,我们仍然觉得这是归国的好时机。)Although(虽然,尽管)
例句:She walked home by herself, although she knew that it was dangerous.(她一个人步行回家,尽管她知道那样做很危险。)Regardless of(不管怎样,无论如何,不管,不顾)
例句:The plan for a new office building went ahead regardless of local opposition.(尽管遭到当地居民的反对,新建高层办公大楼的计划还是付诸实施了。)Conversely(相反地,反过来说)
例句:You can add the fluid to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the fluid.(你可以把液体加入粉末或反过来说把粉末加入液体中。)
Causal transitions
用于表达原因和结果之间的关系。例如,“因为”、“所以”、“因此”等词语能够将前后两个句子的因果关系连接起来,使文章更有逻辑性。以下提供一些范例:
Thus(因此,从而)
例句:He didn’t work hard; thus, he was fired.(他工作不努力,因此被解雇。)Therefore(因此,因而,所以)
例句:We were unable to get funding and therefore had to abandon the project.(我们无法筹到资金,因此不得不放弃计划。)Otherwise(否则,不然)
例句:I’d better write it down. Otherwise, I’ll forget it.(我最好把它写下来,否则我会忘记。)Consequently(因此,所以)
例句:I spent most of my money in the first week and consequently had very little to eat by the end of the holiday.(我在第一周用掉了大部分钱,因此假期快结束时我都没什么吃的了。)
Sequential transitions
用于表达事件、观点或想法的顺序关系,使文章更具逻辑性和组织性。“首先”、“其次”、“最后”等词语有助于将不同的想法、段落或句子连接在一起,使文章更加流畅和易于阅读。以下提供一些范例:
Initially(起初,最初,初时)
例句:Initially, most people approved of the new plan.(起初,大部分人同意这个新方案。)Subsequently(随后地,接着)
例句:In 1982 he was arrested and subsequently convicted on drug trafficking charges.(他在1982年被捕,随后因贩运毒品指控而被定罪。)Finally(最后)
例句:Finally, I’d like to thank everyone for coming this evening.(最后,我要感谢各位今晚光临。)
在学术写作中适当地使用过渡词对于提升文章的结构和逻辑性非常重要。这些过渡词能够帮助读者更好地理解文章的主旨,让文章的内容更加连贯,观点更加清晰。
参考资料:
例句来源:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht