河北木蓝：一种常见的药用植物

河北木蓝：一种常见的药用植物

河北木蓝（Indigofera bungeana Walp.）是一种常见的药用植物，属于豆科木蓝属。它不仅具有独特的形态特征，还具有广泛的药用价值。本文将为您详细介绍河北木蓝的形态特征、分布区域和药用价值等信息。

别名

一味药；野木蓝；野绿豆；野蓝枝；小（艹/杭）子梢；小樊花子；呼和-丹青-矛都；本氏木蓝；野蓝枝子；野兰枝子；木蓝；铁扫竹；木蓝乔；豆根；本氏木兰；本氏槐蓝；木氏木蓝；夜关门；铁扫把；山豆根；木蓝荞；鸡骨柴；铁扫帚；马棘；野槐蓝；岩豆柴；文儿红；木氏木兰；野兰枝；木兰；马棘格针；鸡拉木兰；马夫梢；小杭子稍；本氏马蓝；鸡拉木蓝；马鞭；黄荆条；多花木兰；大金腰带；本氏马棘；马夫肖；基拉木兰；

科属分类

科名：豆科（Leguminosae）
属名：木蓝属（Indigofera）

形态特征

直立灌木，高40-100厘米。茎褐色，圆柱形，有皮孔，枝银灰色，被灰白色丁字毛。羽状复叶长2.5-5厘米；叶柄长达1厘米，叶轴上面有槽，与叶柄均被灰色平贴丁字毛；托叶三角形，长约1毫米，早落；小叶2-4对，对生，椭圆形，稍倒阔卵形，长5-1.5毫米，宽3-10毫米，先端钝圆，基部圆形，上面绿色，疏被丁字毛，下面苍绿色，丁字毛较粗；小叶柄长0.5毫米；小托叶与小叶柄近等长或不明显。总状花序腋生，长4-6（-8）厘米；总花梗较叶柄短；苞片线形，长约1.5毫米；花梗长约1毫米；花萼长约2毫米，外面被白色丁字毛，萼齿近相等，三角状披针形，与萼筒近等长；花冠紫色或紫红色，旗瓣阔倒卵形，长达5毫米，外面被丁字毛，翼瓣与龙骨瓣等长，龙骨瓣有距；花药圆球形，先端具小凸尖；子房线形，被疏毛。荚果褐色，线状圆柱形，长不超过2.5厘米，被白色丁字毛，种子间有横隔，内果皮有紫红色斑点；种子椭圆形。花期5-6月，果期8-10月。

分布区域

产辽宁、内蒙古、河北、山西、陕西。生于山坡、草地或河滩地，海拔600-1000米。模式标本采自北京。

药用价值

全草药用，能清热止血、消肿生肌，外敷治创伤。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)

Indigofera bungeana Walpers Linnaea. 13: 525. 1839.

河北木蓝 he bei mu lan

Indigofera hosieiCraib;I. longispicaGagnepain;I. mi-cranthaBunge (1833), not Desvaux (1826);I. pseudotinctoriaMatsumura.

Shrubs, erect, 40-100 cm tall. Stems brown, terete; branches whitish gray, with appressed white medifixed sym-metrically 2-branched trichomes. Stipules triangular, ca. 1 mm, caducous. Leaves 2.5-5 cm, 5-9(or 11)-foliolate; petiole and rachis with appressed medifixed trichomes; petiole 0.4-1.6(-2) cm; stipels very small; petiolules ca. 0.5 mm; leaflet blades opposite, elliptic, 5-15(-25) × 3-10(-15) mm, abaxially pale green and with longer medifixed trichomes, adaxially green and with sparse appressed medifixed trichomes or glabrescent, base rounded, apex obtuse. Racemes 4-6(-10) cm; peduncle 1-5 mm; bracts linear, ca. 1.5 mm. Pedicel 1-2 mm. Calyx 2-2.5 mm, with appressed white medifixed trichomes; teeth trian-gular-lanceolate, equal, ca. 2 × as long as tube. Corolla purple to purplish red; standard broadly obovate, 5-6 mm, outside with appressed medifixed trichomes; wings and keel equal, ca. 5.5 mm; keel with spur in middle. Stamens 4-5 mm; anthers glo-bose, apex mucronate. Ovary linear, sparsely hairy. Legume cylindric, straight, 2-2.5 cm, with appressed white medifixed trichomes; endocarp red blotched. Seeds ellipsoid, ca. 2 mm. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n= 16.

Grasslands, river beaches, slopes; 500-2300 m. Anhui, Chong-qing, Fujian, Gansu, NE Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, E Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].