.NET使用CsvHelper快速读取和写入CSV文件

.NET使用CsvHelper快速读取和写入CSV文件

在日常开发中，CSV文件的读写是一个常见的需求。本文将介绍如何在.NET中使用CsvHelper这个开源库快速实现CSV文件的读取和写入。

CsvHelper类库介绍

CsvHelper是一个.NET开源、快速、灵活、高度可配置、易于使用的用于读取和写入CSV文件的类库。

什么是 .csv 文件？

.csv 文件是一种用于存储表格数据的文本文件，CSV 是 "Comma-Separated Values" 的缩写，意思是 "逗号分隔值"。CSV 文件是一个存储表格和电子表格信息的纯文本文件，其内容通常是一个文本、数字或日期的表格。CSV 文件可以使用以表格形式存储数据的程序轻松导入和导出。

创建控制台应用

创建一个名为CsvHelperExercise的.NET 8控制台应用。

安装CsvHelper类库

通过NuGet包管理器搜索并安装CsvHelper。

定义CSV文件读取和写入的对象

public class StudentInfo  
{  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 学生学号  
    /// </summary>  
    public int ID { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 学生姓名  
    /// </summary>  
    public string Name { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 学生年龄  
    /// </summary>  
    public int Age { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 班级  
    /// </summary>  
    public string Class { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 性别  
    /// </summary>  
    public string Gender { get; set; }  
    /// <summary>  
    /// 住址  
    /// </summary>  
    public string Address { get; set; }  
}  

写入CSV文件数据

static void Main(string[] args)  
{  
    var students = new List<StudentInfo>  
    {  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 1, Name = "张三", Age = 20, Class = "终极一班", Gender = "男", Address = "北京市东城区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 2, Name = "李四", Age = 21, Class = "终极一班", Gender = "女", Address = "上海市黄浦区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 3, Name = "王五", Age = 22, Class = "终极一班", Gender = "男", Address = "广州市越秀区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 4, Name = "赵六", Age = 20, Class = "终极二班", Gender = "女", Address = "深圳市福田区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 5, Name = "孙七", Age = 23, Class = "终极二班", Gender = "男", Address = "杭州市西湖区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 6, Name = "周八", Age = 24, Class = "终极二班", Gender = "女", Address = "南京市玄武区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 7, Name = "吴九", Age = 22, Class = "终极二班", Gender = "男", Address = "成都市锦江区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 8, Name = "小袁", Age = 21, Class = "终极三班", Gender = "女", Address = "重庆市渝中区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 9, Name = "大姚", Age = 20, Class = "终极三班", Gender = "男", Address = "武汉市武昌区" },  
        new StudentInfo { ID = 10, Name = "追逐时光者", Age = 23, Class = "终极三班", Gender = "女", Address = "长沙市天心区" }  
    };  
    //写入CSV文件数据  
    using var writer = new StreamWriter(@".\StudentInfoFile.csv");  
    using var csvWriter = new CsvWriter(writer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);  
    csvWriter.WriteRecords(students);  
}  

读取CSV文件数据

快速读取上面写入到StudentInfoFile.csv中的数据。

static void Main(string[] args)  
{  
    //读取CSV文件数据  
    using var reader = new StreamReader(@".\StudentInfoFile.csv");  
    using var csvReader = new CsvReader(reader, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);  
    var getStudentInfos = csvReader.GetRecords<StudentInfo>().ToList();  
}