英语未来式——Be going to 和 Will,如何选择?
英语未来式——Be going to 和 Will,如何选择?
学英语的宝子们,有没有纠结过“明天要下雨”到底该说“It will rain”还是“It’s going to rain”?这两个表示“将来”的句型就像奶茶店的“全糖”和“七分糖”,看似差不多,实则暗藏玄机!
1. 核心区别:计划性 vs. 临时性
记住口诀:“早有预谋用going to,脑袋一热用will”!
Be going to → 计划好的事情(连机票都买好了)
例句:I’m going to visit Paris next week. (我下周要去巴黎,机票已订!)
Will → 临时决定或承诺(比如突然答应请客)
例句:The phone is ringing! I’ll answer it. (电话响了!我来接!)
对话小剧场:
A: The trash is full.
B: I’ll take it out later. (B临时决定去倒)
C: I’m going to clean the room tomorrow. (C早就计划好了)
2. 预测未来:证据 vs. 直觉
Be going to → 有证据的预测(比如乌云密布要下雨)
例句:Look at those dark clouds! It’s going to rain. (看乌云!绝对要下雨)
Will → 主观猜测或预言(比如算命先生发言)
例句:I think robots will rule the world in 100 years. (我觉得机器人百年后统治世界)
翻车案例:
天气预报员说:“It will rain tomorrow.”(听起来像瞎猜,应该用“It’s going to rain”更专业!)
3. 语法结构:固定搭配 vs. 灵活百搭
Be going to → 必须搭配动词原形,且有人称变化(am/is/are)
例句:She is going to resign. (她铁了心要辞职)
Will → 后接动词原形,所有人称通用(I/You/He will...)
例句:They will probably win the game. (他们大概会赢)
语法冷知识:
Will的否定缩写是won’t(Will not),而going to的否定是am not/isn’t/aren’t going to。
例句:I won’t tell anyone. (打死我也不说)
例句:He isn’t going to quit. (他绝不放弃)
4. 例外情况:规则就是用来打破的!
官方计划用will:
正式场合(如新闻、公告)常用will,显得更权威。
例句:The president will visit Japan in July. (总统七月访日,官宣!)
口语中going to缩略成gonna:
非正式对话里,I’m going to → I’m gonna
例句:We’re gonna have a party tonight! (今晚嗨起来!)
趣味对比:
正式邮件:The meeting will start at 3 PM.
朋友短信:The meeting’s gonna start late lol.
5. 常见错误:你中招了吗?
错误:
I will study abroad next year. (如果已拿到offer,应改用going to)
纠正:I’m going to study abroad next year.
错误:
Look! That dog’s gonna bite you! (看到狗龇牙,用going to更准确)
正确:Look! That dog’s going to bite you!
自测题:
看到朋友拎着行李箱:Are you ______ travel?
A. will B. going to
突然决定帮忙:I ______ help you with the luggage!
A. will B. am going to
答案:1.B 2.A
课后小测试:
“我手机快没电了,肯定撑不到回家!” 用哪个句型?
朋友问“要喝咖啡吗?”,你立刻回答“我来泡!”,用will还是going to?
答案参考:
My phone’s going to die!(有电量证据)
I’ll make it!(临时决定)
记住:用对将来时,英语瞬间高大上! 下次开口前,先问自己——是“预谋已久”还是“临时起义”?