A-10“雷电II”战斗机（绰号“疣猪”）详细参数与历史背景
A-10“雷电II”战斗机（绰号“疣猪”）详细参数与历史背景
A-10“雷电II”（绰号“疣猪”）是美国空军专门设计用于近距空中支援的攻击机，首次亮相于1972年。该机型以其强大的火力、出色的防护能力和卓越的低空性能，在军事航空史上占据重要地位。本文将详细介绍A-10战斗机的技术规格、主要成就、设计特点和历史背景。
A-10 Thunderbolt II (Warthog) Specifications
Primary Function | close air support (A-10), airborne forward air control (OA-10) |
|---|---|
Contractor | Fairchild Republic Co. |
Crew | One |
Unit Cost | $9.8 million (fiscal 98 constant dollars) |
Powerplant
- Two General Electric TF34-GE-100 turbofans (9,065 pounds each)
Dimensions
- Length: 53 feet, 4 inches (16.16 meters)
- Wingspan: 57 feet, 6 inches (17.42 meters)
- Height: 14 feet, 8 inches (4.42 meters)
Weights
- Empty: 25,600 lb
- Maximum Takeoff: 51,000 lb (22950 kg)
Performance
- Speed: 420 mph (Mach 0.56)
- Ceiling: 45,000 feet (13636 meters)
- Range: 800 miles (695 nm)
Armament
- One 30 mm GAU-8/A seven-barrel Gatling gun
- Up to 16,000 pounds (7,200 kilograms) of mixed ordnance on eight under-wing and three under-fuselage pylon stations
- 500 pounds (225 kilograms) of Mk-82 and 2,000 pounds (900 kilograms) of Mk-84 series low/high drag bombs
- Incendiary cluster bombs
- Combined effects munitions
- Mine dispensing munitions
- AGM-65 Maverick missiles
- Laser-guided/electro-optically guided bombs
- Infrared countermeasure flares
- Electronic countermeasure chaff
- Jammer pods
- 2.75-inch (6.99 centimeters) rockets
- Illumination flares
- AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles
Service Life
- First Flight: May 10, 1972 (prototype) April 5, 1972 (A-10)
- End of Service: N/A
- Number Built: A-10A (721) + A-10B (30) [~751 total]
A-10 Thunderbolt II (Warthog) Achievements
- The A-10's survivability in close air support greatly exceeds that of previous air force aircraft.
- The A-10 was the first Air Force aircraft specially designed for close air support of ground forces.
A-10 Thunderbolt II (Warthog) Features
The Warthog is literally built around its 30-mm General Electric GAU-8 Avenger seven barrel cannon, the most powerful gun ever fitted to an aircraft of this class. The A-10 features eleven under-wing/under-fuselage hard-points and can carry 16,000lb or ordinance -- including AGM-65 Maverick anti-armor missiles, cluster bombs, LGBs, and AIM-9 AAMs.
A-10 Thunderbolt II (Warthog) Background
The A-10 was designed for close support in low intensity conflicts during the Vietnam War, yet it came to be seen as a dedicated anti-armor platform by the early 1970s. Early before the A-10 came into production, however, the USAF held a fly-off between the Northrop YA-9 and the Fairchild Republic A-10. The A-10 was chosen and 707 A-10A's went into production. The Warthog, as it came to be known, was designed for high-survivability with a large-area wing, rear-mounted engines, and redundant and armored flight controls. A titanium covering surrounds both the cockpit and ammunition tank. As A-10's entered service in the USAF around 1977, and as vulnerability of the A-10 was questioned it was slowly withdrawn in favor of the F-16. Although the A-10 was never exported, it was redesignated OA-10 for the Forward Air Control role. The only difference between the A-10 and OA-10 is that the OA-10 only carries smoke rockets and AIM-9 Sidewinder AAMs for self-defense.