高中英语知识点:主谓一致的三个原则
高中英语知识点:主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致涉及三个基本原则,即语法一致原则(principle of grammatical concord)、意义一致原则(principle of notional concord)和就近原则(principle of proximity)。
A.语法一致
语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系,主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式。
- My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me.(我的孩子不想与我一起度假。)
- My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me.(我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。)
B.意义一致
意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记。
- 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。
- The only people who are interested in the book seem to be lawyers.(唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。)
- The majority of primary school teachers are women.(大多数小学老师都是女的。)
- 主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
- No news is good news.(没有消息就是好消息。)
- Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities.(桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。)
C.就近原则
就近原则是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。
- There is a square table and some chairs in the center of the dining-room.(餐厅中央有一张方桌和几把椅子。)
- Either your students or William knows this.(不是你的学生就是威廉知道这件事。)
注意:一般说来,究竟何时采用何种原则,应视英语习惯用法而定。但在实际使用中,如果对上述三种原则捉摸不定,遵循语法一致的原则是一种比较稳妥的方法。
主谓一致真题练习
(1 )“All_____present and all_____going on well”, our monitor said.
A.is,is
B.are, are
C.are,is
D.is,are
(2 )Yesterday the League secretary and monitor_____asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A.is
B.was
C.are
D.were.
(3)Mary as well as her sisters Chinese_____in China.
A.are studying
B.have studied
C.studies
D.study
(4)The rich_____not always happy.
A.are
B.is
C.will
D.may
(5)_____can be done_____done.
A.All,have been
B.All that,have been
C.All,has
D.All that,has been
答案:CBCAD