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able,capable和competent用法解析

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able,capable和competent用法解析

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https://www.miubaike.com/changshi/kwOM8gnlmy.html

在英语学习中,掌握词汇的准确用法是提高语言能力的关键。本文将详细解析"able"、"capable"和"competent"这三个表示"有能力的"词汇的用法区别,通过大量例句帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些词汇。

able的用法

"able"通常指人有足够的智慧或力量,聪明能干,也可表示人的体力或身体状况,常用于好事,作表语时后接"to do sth."。

  • the ablest student in the class(班上最有才华的学生)
  • He is an able architect.(他是个很有才干的建筑师。)
  • We aim to help the less able in society to lead an independent life.(我们的宗旨是帮助社会上能力较弱的人独立生活。)
  • The older child should be able to prepare a simple meal.(那个年纪稍大的孩子应当会做一顿简单的饭菜。)
  • The patient was poorly able to sit up.(病人仅能勉强坐起来。)
  • You'll be able to read in peace.(你就能安心地读书了。)

需要注意的是,"able"和"capable"都用来表示某人能做某事。"able"既可表示因拥有某种知识或技能而能做某事,也可表示客观可能:

  • He wondered if he would be able to climb over the rail.(他不知自己能否攀过栏杆。)
  • They were able to use their profits for new investments.(他们得以将利润用于再投资。)

如果用过去时,则表示实际(成功)做了该事:

  • We were able to reduce costs.(我们做到了降低成本。)
  • They were able to achieve a settlement without using military force.(他们没有诉诸武力就解决了问题。)
  • She was able to command the respect of the class.(她赢得了全班的尊敬。)

capable的用法

"capable"既可表示具有做某事的技能或知识,也可表示做某事有较大的可能性:

  • The workers are perfectly capable of running the organization themselves.(工人完全能够自己管理这个机构。)
  • She was quite capable of falling asleep.(她很容易睡着。)

"capable"还可表示具有某种情感或能够做出某一行为:

  • He's capable of loyalty.(他能做到忠心耿耿。)
  • Bowman could not believe him capable of murder.(鲍曼无法相信他会杀人。)

"capable"亦用于指汽车、机器等的性能:

  • The car was capable of 110 miles per hour.(这辆车时速可达110英里。)

形容人时表示"有能力的"、"能力强的"时,"capable"和"able"可以互换:

  • He's certainly a capable gardener.= He's certainly an able gardener.(他绝对是一名能干的园丁。)

competent的用法

"competent"着重具有胜任某项工作的技能或所需条件,强调"足以胜任的;有能力的;称职的,有决定权的":

  • Make sure the firm is competent to carry out the work.(要确保这家公司有能力完成这项工作。)
  • He is not competent to the task of teaching English.(他不能胜任英语教学工作。)
  • He is a highly competent teacher.(他是一个十分称职的教师。)
  • He's very competent in his work.(他非常胜任自己的工作。)
  • I had always considered myself a strong, competent woman.(一直以来,我始终认为自己是个女强人。)

  • The people who will be on the committee are moral, cultured, competent people.(进入委员会的人要品行端正,有文化,有能力。)
  • A competent typist is not necessarily a competent secretary.(合格的打字员不一定就是合格的秘书。)
  • I was deemed to be a competent shorthand typist.(我被视为是一名能干的速记打字员。)
  • The case was referred to a competent authority.(事情已交给有关当局处理。)
  • He was a loyal, distinguished and very competent civil servant.(他是一位敬业、优秀而且非常称职的公务员。)
  • Most adults do not feel competent to deal with a medical emergency involving a child.(大部分成年人不懂得如何对儿童实施急救。)
  • The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.(最有能力的成年人是那些知道怎么做的人。)
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