词汇精讲:extra的用法和辨析
词汇精讲:extra的用法和辨析
本文详细介绍了英语单词"extra"的多种用法和含义,包括形容词、副词和名词三种词性,并通过大量例句帮助读者更好地理解和掌握该词的用法。此外,文章还对"additional"、"extra"和"supplementary"三个近义词进行了辨析,有助于读者在实际运用中做出准确的选择。
一、详细释义
adj.
额外的;特别的;另外收费的
例句:
Married officers get extra allowances.
已婚的军官有额外津贴。I stayed out an extra half hour.
我还特别多待了半个小时。
上好的;特大的
例句:
Eggs are graded from small to extra-large.
鸡蛋从小的到特大的分成了等级。The characteristics of an extra large city include large population amount, advanced economy, high quality of population and informationization level.
特大城市具有人口数量大、经济发展水平高、人口素质高及信息化程度高的特点。
adv.
特别地,非常
例句:
Some ants have extra powerful jaws.
有些蚂蚁的上下颚特别强而有力。She was always on the lookout for extra good ears of rice for seed.
她一直在寻找长得特别好的稻穗做种子。
另外,额外地
例句:
We'll have to charge you 20 dollars extra.
我们得另外收您20美元。Price 5 yuan, packing and postage extra.
包装和邮费在外,价格5元。
n.
额外的事物(或好处);剩余的副本
例句:
Optional extras include cooking tuition at a top restaurant.
可选的额外专案包括在顶级餐厅学习厨艺。They are also spending much less on extras like meals in restaurants.
他们花在下馆子等额外消费上的钱也少多了。
另外的收费,额外费用
例句:
10% extra is asked for quick service.
快洗业务要收取百分之十的额外费用。She is disgusted by big hotels adding so many extras to the bill that it nearly doubles.
她非常厌恶大酒店额外收取这么多费用,账单金额都快翻倍了。
【旧】(报纸的)号外
例句:
The evening paper has an extra today.
这份晚报今天有号外。A newsboy was screaming an extra.
一个报童在尖声叫卖号外。
额外人手;临时演员
例句:
Perhaps he could hire on as a Hollywood extra.
他也許能在好莱坞找到一个临时演员的工作。He worked as an extra for three years.
他当了三年临时演员。
优质的东西;特级品
例句:
This article is about tips for buying real extra virgin olive oil.
这是关于购买优质初压橄榄油小贴士的文章。But for these little extras, I suggest that you wait till a Navy ship appears again.
至于这些高档货嘛,虽说是小意思,可我看你还是等下次海军来船再去向他们要吧。
(板球等非击球所得的)额外得分
例句:
- Their team won 8 to 7 by scoring the extra on a pass.
他们传球额外得分,以8比7的比分获胜。
二、词义辨析
additional, extra, supplementary
这些形容词均有“另加的,额外的”之意。additional由名词additon派生出的形容词,指在原有基础上新增上去的。extra指不包括本身而额外加上去的部分。supplementary由名词supplement派生而來,指对原有的追加或补充。
三、相关短语
extra dividend
额外股利,额外股息,附加股利,特别红利extra large
特大号extra time
额外时间
四、参考例句
One week extra preparation.
额外的一星期准备工作。Married officers get extra allowances.
已婚的军官有额外津贴。Is there an extra charge?
有额外的费用吗?She always does extra work.
她经常做额外的工作。Is there an extra charge?
有额外的费用吗?Can I have extra ketchup?
我可以多要一些番茄酱吗?Extra credit for unshaved armpits
不刮腋毛加学分She gave them extra helpings of ice-cream.
她又给了他们几份冰激凌。The evening paper has an extra today.
这份晚报今天有号外。Who gets the extra dessert at dinner?
谁在晚餐时多得到一块甜点?