小升初英语语法《强调句》知识点详解

小升初英语语法《强调句》知识点详解

在小升初英语学习中，掌握语法知识是提高语言运用能力的关键。本文将系统地介绍英语强调句的各个方面，包括其基本结构、特殊疑问句形式、被强调成分为从句的情形、not...until句式的强调结构以及强调句与非强调句的辨别等。通过具体的例句和真题实例，帮助学生全面理解和掌握这一重要语法点。

强调句的基本结构

强调句型的基本结构是It+be+被强调成分+that (who)…。例如：

• He bought the book in this shop yesterday.
• →It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. (强调主语he)
• →It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (强调宾语the book)
• →It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (强调地点状语in this shop)

考查强调句的基本形式

这类考题主要涉及被强调成分为介词短语的情形。例如：

• It’s in the park that Jack met your sister yesterday.
• 杰克昨天是在公园与你的姐姐见面的。
• It is on political questions that their views are different.
• 他们在政治问题上见解不同。

【真题实例】

1. —Where did you get to know her？
   —It was on the farm _________ we worked.
   A. that B. there C. which D. where

2. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _________ he chose the course.
   A. that B. what C. why D. how

答案分别为DA

考查强调句的特殊疑问句形式

强调句型的陈述句形式和一般疑问句形式一般还好理解，但若以特殊疑问句形式出现，则很容易误解。比较：

• Jim told us the news.(非强调句)
• →It was Jim that told us the news.(强调句型的陈述句形式)
• →Was it Jim that told us the news.(强调句型的一般疑问句形式)
• →Who was it that told us the news.(强调句型的特殊疑问句形式)

特殊疑问句形式的强调句可视为对陈述句强调中的被强调成分提问得来，如对It was yesterday that he arrived. 这一句中的yesterday提问，即得到When was it that he arrived？ 请再看以下例子 ：

• How long ago is it that you last saw her？ 你上一次看见她是多久以前的事？
• Why is it that I always land up cleaning the bath？ 为什么总是该我来洗刷浴缸？
• Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982？ 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯？

【真题实例】 (答案分别为DCA)

1. I just wonder _________ that makes him so excited.
   A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is

2.— _________ that he manage to get the information.
—Oh， a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it

3. Why！ I have nothing to confess. _________ you want me to say？
   A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that

考查被强调成分为从句的情形

如果被强调成分为一个词或一个词组还比较好理解，但如果被强调的是一个从句，则比较容易出 错。例如：

• It was after he got married that he got to know Mary.
• 他是在结婚之后才认识玛丽的。
• It was not what he he said but how he behaved that made us angry.
• 使我们生气的不是他说的话，而是他做的样子。

【真题实例】 (答案分别为CAAA)

1. It is not who is right but what is right _________ is of importance.
   A. which B. it C. that D. this

2. I don’t mind her criticizing me， but _________ is how she does it that I object to.
   A. it B. that C. this D. which

3. It was after he got what he had desired _________ he realized it was not so important.
   A. that B. when C. since D. as

4. It is what you do rather than what you way _________ matters.
   A. that B. what C. which D. this

考查not...until句式的强调结构

其基本形式为It is (was) not until…that…。比较：

• He didn‘t come until his wife left. 他妻子走了之后他才来。
• →It was not until his wife left that he came. 他妻子走了之后他才来。
• They didn’t start until the rain stopped. 直到雨停他们才出发。
• →It was not until the rain stopped that they started. 直到雨停他们才出发。

注：这类句型不用倒装语序，但若改成Not until…，则要用倒装。例如：

• Not until his wife left did he come. 他妻子走了之后他才来。
• Not until the rain stopped did they start. 直到雨停他们才出发。

【真题实例】 (答案分别为DBD)

1. It _________ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _________ I found we had a lot in common.
   A. was until； when B. was until； that C. wasn’t until； when D. wasn’t until； that

2. It was not until she got home _________ Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
   A. when B. that C. where D. before

3. It wasn’t until nearly a month later _________ I received the manager’s reply.
   A. since B. when C. as D. that

考查强调句与非强调句的辨别

1. 设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。例如：

• It might have been John _________ bought a present for Mary yesterday.
• A. that B. when C. what D. which

【解析】答案选A，为强调句型，由于句中动词be采用了might have been这一复杂结构，所以许 多同学们可能会看不出它是一个强调句型。

2. 设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。例如：

• It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester.
• A. that B. until C. since D. before

【解析】答案选D。有的考生一看到句首的it was，再联系到选项中的that，就以为这是考查强 调句。其实错了。此题是考查连词before的用法。因为去掉It was…that这一结构后，原句不能成 为一个完整的句子，所以这不是强调结构。句意是：我们还没有到达Winchester这个小镇，天就夜了。