英语时态通关指南：解锁八大时态被动语态
英语时态通关指南：解锁八大时态被动语态
英语时态是语言学习中的重要组成部分，而被动语态作为时态的一种特殊形式，更是许多学习者的难点。本文将系统地介绍英语八大时态的被动语态结构及其使用场景，帮助读者全面掌握这一语法点。
在英语学习的庞大体系里，动词的重要性不言而喻，它宛如语言的灵魂，精准地传达着行为、状态或存在。之前我们已经了解了动词的基本形式和运用方法，今天就聚焦英语八大时态的被动语态，帮你攻克英语学习的关键难点。
被动语态的核心结构：be + 及物动词过去分词
被动语态主要由“be动词 + 及物动词的过去分词”构成，其中be动词会依据时态、人称和数的不同而变化。
- 基本架构
被动语态的基础结构为：
主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词。
主动句 : Mike made a model plane.
被动句: A model plane was made by Mike .通过这样的转换，突出动作 的承受者。
- 时态变奏曲
被动语态的时态变化主要反映在be动词上，过去分词部分保持不变。接下来看看常见时态的被动语态结构。
八大时态被动语态全解析
- 一般现在时被动语态：
主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
主动句 : I often study English .
被动句 : English is often studied by me.
主动句 : The teacher teaches us maths.被动句 : Maths is taught to us by the teacher .
被动句 : We are taught maths by the teacher .主动句中动词 “ teaches ” 跟双宾，一个“maths” 另一个“us” 可以变两个被动语态句子，体现日 常行为在被动语境下的表达。
- 一般过去时被动语态：
主语 + was/were + 过去分词
主动句 : He played football yesterday .
被动句 : Football was played by him yesterday .
主动句 : Mother bought some presents last Sunday .
被动句: Some presents were bought by mother last Sunday .
描述过去发生动作的被动形式。
- 一般将来时被动语态：
主语 + will be + 过去分词
主动句: She will go to Shanghai tomorrow .
被动句: Shanghai will be gone to by her tomorrow .
主动句: They will have lunch at school
被动句: Lunch will be had by them at school .展现将来动作的被动表达。
- 现在进行时被动语态：
主语 + am/is/are being + 过去分词
主动句 : The boy is watching TV now .
被动句: TV is being watched by the boy now .
主动句: The farmers are planting trees on the hills .
被动句: Trees are being planted by the farmers on the hill .突出此刻正在 进行动作的被动情况。
- 过去进行时被动语态：
主语 + was/were being + 过去分词
主动句: I was writing a letter to my friend this time yesterday .
被动句: A letter was being written to my friend by me this time
yesterday .重现过去某个时刻正在 进行动作的被动状态。
- 现在完成时被动语态：
主语 + has/have been + 过去分词
主动句 : Tom has made a model plane
被动句 : A model plane has been made by Tom .
主动句: Mike has eaten three apples already .
被动句: Three apples have been eaten already by Mike .表达过去动作对 现在造成影响的被动形式。
- 过去完成时被动语态：
主语 + had been + 过去分词
主动句 : Sister had finished homework before dinner .
被动句: Homework had been finished by sister before dinner .呈现“过去 的过去”动作的被动语态。
- 将来完成时被动语态：
主语 + will have been + 过去分词
主动句 : My parents will have lived in the house for twenty years by next year .
被动句 : The house will have been lived in by my parents for twenty years by next year . 描绘到将来某 个时间点完成动作的被动情况。
被动语态的使用场景
强调动作承受者：“She is liked by everybody.” 此句通过被动语态突出“她”是被喜欢的对象。
执行者不明或无需提及：“Football is played all over the world.” 强调足球被广泛玩这一事实，无需指明谁在玩。
礼貌或惯用表达：“You’re friendly invited to our party.” 用被动语态使邀请更显礼貌。
被动语态注意事项
只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词无法用于被动语态。此外，一些动词短语转换为被动语态时，其中的介词或副词不能省略。比如“They looked after the children.” ，被动句应为“The children were looked after.”
今天详细分享了被动语态的结构及其在不同语境中的应用。下次我们将继续探索被动语态的应用——“情态动词的被动语态和动词不定式的被动语态”。期待与大家一同探
讨，相互交流，共同进步！