许渊冲版《将进酒》：让世界感受中国诗词之美
许渊冲版《将进酒》：让世界感受中国诗词之美
《将进酒》是唐代诗人李白的代表作，全诗以豪迈的气概和深沉的情感展现了诗人对人生、理想与现实矛盾的独特思考。这首诗创作于李白被唐玄宗召入长安，担任翰林待诏期间。李白希望通过自己的才华报效国家，却最终未能得到重用，仕途失意，心中充满了郁闷和愤懑。诗中，李白借酒消愁，以豪迈的语言，抒发了自己对功名利禄的淡泊，对人生理想的追求，以及对命运不公的愤懑。
许渊冲的翻译理念
许渊冲先生是中国著名的翻译家，被誉为“译界泰斗”。他在翻译领域提出了独特的“三美论”，即意美、音美、形美。他认为，诗词翻译不仅要传达原诗的意境，还要保持原诗的音韵美和形式美。这种翻译理念在《将进酒》的翻译中得到了充分体现。
许渊冲版《将进酒》赏析
让我们仔细品味许渊冲的译文：
Do you not see the Yellow River come from the sky,
Rushing into the sea and never come back?
Do you not see the mirrors bright in chambers high,
Grieve over your snow-white hair though once it was silk-black?
When hopes are won, oh! Drink your fill in high delight,
And never leave your wine-cup empty in moonlight!
Heaven has made us talents, we're not made in vain.
A thousand gold coins spent, more will turn up again.
Kill a cow, cook a sheep and let us merry be,
And drink three hundred cupfuls of wine in high glee.
Dear friends of mine,
Cheer up, cheer up! I invite you to wine.
Do not put down your cup!
I will sing you a song, please hear, O hear! Lend me a willing ear!
What difference will rare and costly dishes make?
I only want to get drunk and never to wake.
How many great men were forgotten through the ages?
But great drinkers are more famous than sober sages.
The Prince of Poets feasted in his palace at will,
Drank wine at ten thousand a cask and laughed his fill.
A host should not complain of money he is short.
To drink with you I will sell things of any sort.
My fur coat worth a thousand coins of gold,
And my flower-dappled horse may be sold
To buy good wine that we may drown the woe age-old.
许渊冲的翻译在以下几个方面体现了其独特的艺术价值：
音韵美：许渊冲巧妙地运用了押韵和节奏，使译文读起来朗朗上口，富有音乐性。例如，“sky”与“back”、“high”与“black”的押韵，以及诗句的节奏感，都体现了原诗的音韵美。
意境美：许渊冲通过精准的意象传达，再现了原诗的意境。例如，“黄河之水天上来”被译为“come from the sky”，“朝如青丝暮成雪”被译为“snow-white hair though once it was silk-black”，这些意象既保持了原诗的意境，又符合英文表达习惯。
情感美：许渊冲的翻译准确传达了李白的情感起伏。从开头的豪迈到中间的愤懑，再到结尾的豁达，情感线索清晰连贯。
与张炳星译本的对比
对比张炳星的译本，我们可以更清晰地看到许渊冲翻译的特点：
张炳星译本：
Can’t you see Yellow River’s water comes from the sky,
Rushes into the sea and never returns to the eye?
Can’t you see in the hall high,
You look into the mirror, bright,
Finding to your surprise,
In the morning your hair is silk black,
But in the evening it turns snow-white?
许渊冲译本：
Do you not see the Yellow River come from the sky,
Rushing into the sea and never come back?
Do you not see the mirrors bright in chambers high,
Grieve over your snow-white hair though once it was silk-black?
可以看出，许渊冲的译文更加凝练，意象更加鲜明，同时保持了原诗的音韵美。张炳星的译文虽然忠实于原文，但在音韵和意境的传达上略显平淡。
艺术价值与影响
许渊冲的《将进酒》译本不仅是语言的转换，更是一种文化的传递。他通过“三美论”的翻译理念，成功地将李白的豪迈与浪漫传达给了西方读者，让世界看到了中国诗词之美。这种翻译不仅仅是文字的转换，更是一种文化的交流和艺术的再创造。
正如钱钟书评价许渊冲的译作时所说：“带着音韵和节奏的镣铐跳舞，灵活自如，令人惊奇！”许渊冲的翻译，形意神兼具，实在是妙不可言、美不胜收。
如果你还没有读过许渊冲的这个译本，不妨一试，感受一下这位翻译大师的匠心独运。他的译文不仅保留了原诗的形式美和音韵美，更巧妙地传达了诗歌的情感内涵，让李白的《将进酒》在英语世界中焕发新的光彩。