英语词性--数词
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英语词性--数词
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CSDN
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https://blog.csdn.net/flytalei/article/details/146231255
英语数词是表示数量或顺序的词类,包括基数词和序数词两大类。本文将详细介绍数词的概念、分类、用法以及基数词转化为序数词的规律,并通过具体例句帮助读者更好地理解和掌握相关内容。
数词概念
数词(Numerals)是英语中用于表示数量(基数)或顺序(序数)的词类,通常用于描述数字、计数、顺序等。
例如:
- 基数词(Cardinal numbers):one, two, three, four…
- 序数词(Ordinal numbers):first, second, third, fourth…
数词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、定语、表语等,常用于数学、时间、日期、顺序、数量等场景。
数词分词
�ase
基数词表述数量,如:one, two, three, four…
用法
- 表示确切的数量
- There are five apples on the table.(桌子上有五个苹果)
- I have two sisters.(我有两个姐姐)
- 作主语、宾语或表语
- Three of them are absent.(他们之中有三个缺席。)
- She has one dog and two cats.(她有一只狗和两只猫。)
- 用于年、日期、电话号码
- He was born in 1995.(他出生于1995年。)
- Call me at 555-1234.(请拨打555-1234联系我。)
- 大数的表达
- Hundred(100)、Thousand(1,000)、Million(1,000,000):
- There are three hundred students in the school.(学校里有三百名学生。)
- He has saved two million dollars.(他存了两百万美元。)
序数词
序数词表示顺序,如:first, second, third, fourth…
用法
- 表示顺序
- He won first prize in the competition.(他获得了比赛的第一名。)
- My birthday is on the twelfth of July.(我的生日是7月12日。)
- 用于日期
- July 4th is Independence Day in the US.(7月4日是美国独立日。)
- Today is the first of September.(今天是9月1日。)
- 用于分数
- One-third of the students are absent.(三分之一的学生缺席了。)
- 用于国王、教皇、皇帝的名称
- Queen Elizabeth II (the second)(伊丽莎白二世)
- Louis XIV (the fourteenth)(路易十四世)
- 与“the”搭配
- He was the third to arrive.(他是第三个到达的。)
基数与序数词的区别
基数词(Cardinal) | 序数词(Ordinal) |
|---|---|
表示数量 | 表示顺序 |
one, two, three… | first, second, third… |
I have three books. | This is the third book. |
基变序的规律
- 大部分序数词加 “-th”
- four → fourth
- six → sixth
- ten → tenth
- 特殊变化
- one → first
- two → second
- three → third
- five → fifth(去掉 “e”)
- nine → ninth(去掉 “e”)
- twelve → twelfth(去掉 “ve” + “f”)
- 以 “y” 结尾的,变 “y” 为 “ieth”
- twenty → twentieth
- thirty → thirtieth
常用基数词序数词中英对照表
基数词(Cardinal) | 序数词(Ordinal) |
|---|---|
0 - zero | 0th - zeroth(极少用) |
1 - one | 1st - first |
2 - two | 2nd - second |
3 - three | 3rd - third |
4 - four | 4th - fourth |
5 - five | 5th - fifth |
6 - six | 6th - sixth |
7 - seven | 7th - seventh |
8 - eight | 8th - eighth |
9 - nine | 9th - ninth |
10 - ten | 10th - tenth |
11 - eleven | 11th - eleventh |
12 - twelve | 12th - twelfth |
13 - thirteen | 13th - thirteenth |
14 - fourteen | 14th - fourteenth |
15 - fifteen | 15th - fifteenth |
16 - sixteen | 16th - sixteenth |
17 - seventeen | 17th - seventeenth |
18 - eighteen | 18th - eighteenth |
19 - nineteen | 19th - nineteenth |
20 - twenty | 20th - twentieth |
21 - twenty-one | 21st - twenty-first |
22 - twenty-two | 22nd - twenty-second |
23 - twenty-three | 23rd - twenty-third |
24 - twenty-four | 24th - twenty-fourth |
25 - twenty-five | 25th - twenty-fifth |
30 - thirty | 30th - thirtieth |
40 - forty | 40th - fortieth |
50 - fifty | 50th - fiftieth |
60 - sixty | 60th - sixtieth |
70 - seventy | 70th - seventieth |
80 - eighty | 80th - eightieth |
90 - ninety | 90th - ninetieth |
100 - one hundred | 100th - hundredth |
101 - one hundred and one | 101st - hundred and first |
200 - two hundred | 200th - two hundredth |
1,000 - one thousand | 1,000th - one thousandth |
10,000 - ten thousand | 10,000th - ten thousandth |
100,000 - one hundred thousand | 100,000th - one hundred thousandth |
1,000,000 - one million | 1,000,000th - one millionth |
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