口语笔记——时间状语从句

口语笔记——时间状语从句

引用

CSDN

1.

https://blog.csdn.net/xiaojia1001/article/details/140935387

状语从句主要用来修饰整句，表示事件发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、条件、比较、让步、目的、结果等。

时态

主将从现：如果主句和从句都表将来，则从句要用现在时

• If you come tomorrow, I will be happy.
• I will be happy if you come tomorrow.

主祈从现：祈使句本质上就是在表将来

• if you come tomorrow, call me. （主句在后）
• call me if you come tomorrow. （主句在前）

主情从现：情态动词基本也都是在表将来

• if you come tomorrow, you can call me.
• you can call me if you come tomorrow.

when/as/while

规则1：while引导的从句，动词必须可以延续。

• While he was watching TV, I left. (watch可延续）
• He was watching TV while I was studying. （watch可延续）
• He like playing basketball, while he was young. 他年轻的时候喜欢打篮球
• I was playing computer, while he was watching TV. 他在看电视的时候，我在玩电脑。

规则2：从句的动词不可延续时，需要用when/as引导。

• I was watching TV when he came in. （come不可延续）
• He ran away as I saw him. 我看到他的时候，他跑开了。(see不可延续）

只能用when的情况

1. 表示“就在这时”

   • I was swiming, when it started to rain. 我正在游泳，就在这时开始下雨了。
   • He was going to tell me the secret, when someone knocked on the door. 他正要告诉我秘密时，有人敲门了。
   • I was walking in the street, when somebody pat me on the shoulder. (我正在走路，就在这时突然有人从背后拍了下我的肩）

2. 主、从句动作有先后

   • When I got to the airport, the plane had already taken off. 当我到机场时，飞机已经起飞了。
   • The movie had been on when I arrived at the cinama. 当我到那儿时电影已经开始了。

   在过去的某个时间之前，已经发生的动作，用过去完成时。

3. 表习惯

   • It’s code when it snows. 下雪的时候天都很冷。
   • He smokes when he get anxious. 他焦虑的时候都会抽烟。

只能用while的情况

4. 表对比时（而）

   • I like coffee while he like tea. 我喜欢咖啡，而他喜欢茶。

5. 表“虽然”

   • while I admit he is not perfect, but I like him. 虽然我承认他不完美，但我喜欢他
   • while he is at home, but he didn’t open the door. 虽然他在家，但他不开门。

6. 表“趁机”

   • Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
   • He ran away while I was sleeping. 他趁着我睡觉的时候跑了。

只能用as的情况

7. 一边……一边……

   • The kid was walking as he was singing. 那小孩边走边唱。
   • He stood up as he smiled. 他边站起来边笑。

8. 表示：随着

   • As time went by, we learnt a lot. 随着时间的流逝，我们学到了很多
   • As it gets darker and darker, it gets coder and coder. 随着天越来越黑，天气越来越冷。

省略主语

9. as/when后可以直接加名词，构成省略（主语相同）

   • As a boy, he used to watch movie. 还是小孩的时候，他常常看电影。
   • When a student, he studies hard. 还是学生的时候，他学习很努力。

10. while后直接加分词，构成省略

*   He fell asleep while studying. 他学习的时候睡着了。
*   I saw him when shopping. 我购物的时候看见他了。

whenever

• Whenever you come, you are welcome. 不论什么时候来，你都是受欢迎的。
• Whenever you have questions you don’t understand, ask me. 不管什么时候你有空，你都可以过来。
• Whenever he talked about his mum, his dad would be sad. 不管什么时候他说起他的妈妈，他爸爸都会难过。

before/after

• I had finished my homework before you came back. 你回来之前已经完成作业了。
• I had had breakfast before I came. 我来之前已经吃过饭了。
• Do it before you forget. 赶紧做以免忘了
• He had rushed out of the room before I could say nothing. 我还没来得及说，他就冲出了房间。
• He left after he finished his homework. 他完成作业后就走了。

before句型：

1. It will (not) be + 一段时间 + before

   • It will be three days before you finished the movie. 你得花3天才能看完这部电影
   • It won’t be 3 days before we meet. 用不了三天我们就见面了。

2. It will (not) be + 一段时间 + before

   • It was 10 years before I knew it. 10年了我才知道真相。
   • It wasn’t long before I came back. 没过多久我们就回来了。

3. 时间段+pass/go by before sb know/realize

   • One year passed by before I knew it.

since

• I have been in Beijing since you left. 你走了之后我一直呆在北京。

• He hasn’t spoke a word since I met him to now. 自从我认识他到现在，他没有说过一句话。

  从过去一直延续到现在的状态，用现在完成时。

• I have never seen him since 2020. 从2020年之后我没有见过他

• Have you seen him since last time. 从那次之后，你见过他吗？

• He has been like this since yestoday. 从昨天开始他一直这样。

once

• Once you see him, you will like him. 一旦你见到他，你就会喜欢上他。
• Once you start, never give up. 一旦开始，不要放弃
• Once he decides, no one can change him. 一旦决定，没人能改变他

till/until

• I worked until he came back. 我一直工作到他回来
• I have to learn until tomorrow. 我一直学习到明天
• I won’t leave until you agree. 你同意了我才会走。
• He didn’t realize that he can speak English well until he make progress. 他取得进步后才意识到自己能学好英语。
• I didn’t know the thing until yestoday. 直到昨天我才知道这件事
• He didn’t sleep until his father came back. 他爸爸回来他才睡。
• Not until his father came back did he sleep. （倒装句型）
• It’s not until his father came back that he sleep. (强调句型）

as soon as

• He called me as soon as he got home.
• He called me immediately he got home.
• He called me instantly he got home.
• He called me the moment he got home.
• He called me the minute he got home.
• He called me directly he got home.
• He called me the second he got home.
• He called me on his getting home.

hardly/no sooner……than

• I had hardly got home when the phone rang. 我刚到家电话铃就响了（几乎还没有到家）。
• Hardly had I got home, when the phone rang.(倒装句型）
• I had no sooner got home than the phone rang. (我到家并没有比电话铃响快）
• No sooner had I got home than the phone rang.(倒装句型）

every time/each time/next time/any time/all the time

• He helps me every time I’m in trouble. 我每次有困难他都会帮我。
• He is not in each time I go over his home. 我每次去他家的时候他都不在
• Remember to take your son next time you came. 下次来的时候记得带上你儿子
• Come any time you want to come. 什么时候你想来就来
• Call me all the time you want to see me. 什么时候想见我就给我打电话
• He was a kid the first time I met him. 我见他的时候他还是个小孩
• He was in the hospital the last time I saw him. 我最后一次见他的时候，他躺在医院里。
• It was dark by the time he came back. 他回来的时候天已经黑了。
• He was 86 by the time he died. 他死的时候86岁