英语中的say, tell, speak, talk都是“说”，有什么区别？
英语中的say, tell, speak, talk都是“说”，有什么区别？
这组词say，tell，speak，talk都和“说”有关，但用法不同。本文将会概括这几个单词的主要用法和区别，并列举一些常见的惯用搭配。
1. say的用法 (say过去式said)
say强调“说话的内容”
(1) say后面一般不用跟“某人”作宾语
'I’m tired,' she said. '我累了。'她说。
Anna said that she was tired. 安娜说她累了。
(2) 如果要表达“对谁说”，say后面跟“某人”作宾语**时，必须加to
'say to somebody' 或 “say something to somebody”
Anna said to me that she was tired. 安娜对我说她累了。
❌Anna said me that she was tired.
She said nothing to me about it. 她对我什么也没说。
2. tell的用法 (tell过去式told)
tell侧重“信息的传达”，由一方传给另一方
tell后面必须跟名词或代词作宾语，这个宾语可以是“某人”，也可以是“某物”
**(1) tell后面的宾语一般都是“某人”
“tell somebody something”
Anna told me that she was tired. 安娜对我说她累了。
❌Anna told that she was tired.
**(2) tell后面的宾语也可以是“某物”
“tell something to somebody”
He told the news to his mother. 他把这个消息告诉了他母亲。
=He told his mother the news.
☆say和tell有时可以互换使用，但是需要注意各自的用法，例句总结如下：
Anna said that she was tired.
Anna said to me that she was tired.
Anna told me that she was tired.
3. speak的用法 (speak过去式spoke)
speak着重“讲话这一动作本身”，既可指系统的发言、演讲，又可指简单的开口发音；讲某种语言，也用speak。
The baby is learning to speak. 那个婴儿在学说话。
Tom will speak at the conference. 汤姆将在会上发言。
Do you speak English? 你会说英语吗？
☆如果要表达“和谁讲话、提到什么事”，speak后面必须有副词或介词，再跟“某人”或“某物”
**'speak to/with somebody' 和谁讲话
'speak of/about something' 提起，谈起**
I spoke to her last Wednesday. 我上星期三和她谈过。
Can I speak with you for a minute? 我能和你谈谈吗？
speak to 是单向的对话，一人说，一人听
speak with 是双向的对话，友好而愉快，参与者都听都说
4. talk的用法 (talk过去式talked)
talk用在更轻松的对话场景，侧重“说话人相互间的交谈”
talk后面必须有副词或介词，再跟“某人”或“某物”
**'talk to/with somebody' 和谁交谈
'talk of/about something' 谈论某事**
I’ll talk to you later. 待会再聊。
We talked about our favorite movies. 我们谈论了我们最喜欢的电影。
☆talk和speak有时可以互换使用，speak更正式，talk更轻松随意一些。
I need to speak to you. 我得跟你谈谈。
比较正式：有可能说话人和你不太熟；有可能说话人要说的比较重要或严肃。
I need to talk to you. 我得跟你聊聊。
非正式场景：有可能说话人是你的朋友；有可能说话人要说的是轻松非正式的话题。
以下我制作了一张图片，用以帮助记忆这四个单词的主要区别：
5. 常见的惯用搭配
say hello 打招呼
say goodbye 告别
tell a story/ tell stories 讲故事
tell a lie/ tell lies 说谎
tell the truth 说真话，讲实话
speak highly of somebody 称赞某人
generally speaking 总的来说
English-speaking countries 说英语的国家
talk nonsense 胡说；说无意义的话
talk show 访谈节目，脱口秀
练一练
- He learns a new word. He can _____ it in English.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
- He can _____ English.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
- I would like to _____ a story.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
- He likes to _____ me about his feelings.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
- She _____ to her mother on the phone every week.
A. says B. speaks C. tells D. talks
可将你的答案写在留言区哦~